Car tank



June2`s,1932. JMCBREE Y1,864,606

` GAR TANK Filed April 27, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 28,. 1932. J, J. MCBRlDE 1,864,606

/raR/VEY Patented .lune 28, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN J. MCBRIDE, OF BAYONNE, NEW' JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN OAR AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, OF NEW'YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY CAR TANK ,Application filed April 27, 1929. Serial No. 358,537.

This invention relates generally to containers and has particular reference to car tanks, although the invention is susceptible of use generally in receptacles for the transportation of oils, gasoline and other petroleum products, milk and acids.

The usual car tank is formed of steel sheets riveted or otherwise connected together. Such a tank presents of course an inner sur-V A face of a metal Which easily corrodes. Furl ther, corrosion discolors petroleum products,

particularly gasoline, and the value thereof is correspondingly reduced for the reason that the value of gasoline depends on color;

gasoline being sold on a color test. In the transportation of milk, for example, it is manifestly necessary that it be not in contact with a corrosive surface.

In view ofthe aforesaid disadvantages,

and others Which Will be and are apparent to those skilled in the art, the present invention aims to provide a car tank having a lining which is corrosion resistant to a high degree. The lining may be of aluminum, copper, nickel, tin or any other suitable or desired metal, dependent upon the usev to which the car is to be subjected.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an insulated lined tank.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a car tank the interior of which is Wholly lined With a metal which is corrosion resistant to a high degree.

As another object, the invention conteinplates the provision of a tank Which is provided with an internal lining of high corrosion resistant properties and Which interior is smooth from end to end of the tank whereby corners and crevices Which are diflicult to' clean out and in which bacteria may germinate, are eliminated. i

A further object of this invention is the provision of a car tank having a lining of high corrosion resistant properties which is reinforced to aid in the retention thereof in the tank.

ik still further object 4of the .invention isY the provision of a car tank having a liningV of high corrosion resistant properties and a` cushion interposed betWeenthe lining and A the tank sheets and to which the lining is` Fig. 3 is av sectional view on the line 3 3,

Fig. l;

4 is a sectional view on the line 4 4,y ig.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5 5,

Fig.1; Y I Y Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6 6,

Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

Fi l;

ig. 8 is a sectional view of a portion of the lined tank, taken at the dischargeoutlet; Fig. 9 is a sectional vievv'of a portion of a tank, showing modified `form of lining;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view on the liney 10-10, Fig. 9; and Y Y Fig. 11 is a sectional view showing'a modified forni of tank head lining. K

Car tanks are at the present time usually formed of ste-el sheets bent to arcuate form and riveted together to forma cylindrical body -W-ith' heads secured to the open ends thereof. Sometimes the sheets are Welded together and other instances are present in the art of tanks which are formed` of metal possessing corrosion resistant properties, such, for example, as aluminumy and nickel steel. Atank formed entirely of aluminum is extremely expensive to manufacture. This also applies to nickel steel tanks.- In order; to reduce the cost of manufacture of a tank the interior of which possesses corrosion resistant properties, it is desirable to provide a lining of some sort for the interior of the tank While forming the tank in thevusual manner. Y

The drawings disclose a car tank, butthisl is merely by Way of example, as obviously containers other than car tanks may beflined within the spirit and scope of this invention. Car tanks may be formed of any desired number of sheets, but ordinarily they are formed of two, three or four sheets. The eX- ample in the drawings shows a tank formed of two sheets, indicated at 2 and 4; sheet 2 being the upper sheet and sheet 4 being the lower sheet. The sheets are connected by longitudinal seams 6 (of which only one is shown-see Fig. 1) vto forni a cylindrical body A having openv ends which are closed by heads 8 riveted to the sheets 2 and 4 as at 10. The tank is provided with a dome 12 arranged over the usual manhole'opening in sheet 2 and comprising a dome sheet 14 having a lower attaching flange 16 riveted as at 18 to the sheet 2; the dome also including the dome head 20having a manhole opening as clearly shownV in Fig. 2. rl`he tank is also provided with a discharge outlet 22. So far, the construction described is more or less conventional, as will be recognized by anyone skilled in the art.

lin. lining steel tanks, several problems are present, one of the most important being the problem of providing a lining which will not sag under actual use conditions. Various attempts have been made to solve this problem by various methods of connecting the lining directly to the steel tank sheets. Welding theJ lining directly to the tanks sheets has been tried, but not foundwholly satisfactory, for the particular types of lining which can Y be weld-ed to the steel sheets .are limited to i linings of such character as are weldable to steel--and this, obviously, does not apply to every metal. Further, in applying metal linings to car tanks the relative coeliicients of expansion of steel and the lining metal must be considered. Car tanks are subjected in use to eXtreme punishment, and therefore the attachment of a lining must be such as lto withstand this punishment, otherwise the utility of the invention is either eliminated or correspondingly reduced. Y

`The present invention is designed to overcome the defects existent in tanks inV which the lining isattached directly to the tank sheets, and inraddition, provides a construction in which the tank is moreV or less insulated. Generally speaking, I provide an intermediate element between the lining and tank sheets which not only serves as an in-v .,sulator and an attaching medium for the metallic lining, but further provides a, cushioning element to relieve the lining of shocks due to end thrusts of the lading, vibration vof the car or other` causes, whereby theV lining v is maintained in proper positionin the tank 60 and is maintained againstsagging.. Y

As shown in Fig. 4, the body A of the isA first lined with woodustrips 24 arranged longitudinally of the tank and connected by a tongue and ,groove connection,VY asshown at 26 (see Fig. 3). The body is entirely lined tank Vseen that the body A is lined from end to end withwood.v For convenience in applying the wood lining to the body the same is formed, in eii'ect', of a plurality of longitudinally arranged spaced panels each formed of connected strips. it Vplaces where the wood liningris arranged over internal rivet heads, such for example at the seam 6 or the attachment of the dome iiange 16, the wood strips are provided with openings 32 into which the rivetheads extend. An example of this is shown clearly in Fig. 6.

YThe dome is also lined with wood; and now, referring to Figs. 2, 5 and 6, it can be seen that the dome sheet 14 has secured thereto by fasteners such as the clinch nails 30, a wood lining Vformed of vertically arranged wood strips 33 connected together by a tongue andgroove connection. At intervals, adjacent strips are separated to provide expansion spaces 35 (see Fig. Ordinarily, the sheet 14v overlaps the flange 34 of the dome head2() andthe upper ends of the wood stripslat this part are reduced in thickness to providea recess 36l for an obvious purpose; the strips also Vhaving openings 37 therein into which the inner heads or" dome head rivets 38 extend. At the angle dened by the flange 34 or" the dome head 20, a wood angle ring 40 is secured to the dome head to line that portion of the dome. Around the manhole opening in the dome head a wood annulus 42 is secured by clinch nails; the annulus beingV provided with openings 44 which receive the headsof the rivets 46 which secure the dome ring 48. The dome head between the annulus 42 and angle ring 40 is preferably lined with wood strips 50 radiating from points adjacent the annulus 42 in a construction similar to that hereinafter described with reference to the tank heads; spaces 52 and 54 being provided between the annulus 42 and ring 40 and the ends of stripsV effect, is a ring 60 having a flange 62 arranged in the angle defined by the flange 58. The ring 60v is formed of a plurality of segments 64 the adjacent edges of which are spaced from each other as at 66. Secured to the tank head 8 at about the center thereof is a wood disc 68. The remaining portion of the tank head is lined with wood strips` which radiate from the disc (see Fig. 3) and which have their ends arranged adjacent to,'but spaced a slight distance from the ring 60 and disc 68, respectively. In the drawings, the strips 70 are shown as gradually increasing in width toward the ring 60, but this is merely by way of example in order to line a maximum area of the tank head. rIhe strips 70 are spaced each from the other, and obviously a greater or lesser number of stripsmay be employed if desired; one fundamental purpose of this invention being of course the provision of a means to which a metallic tank lining may be secured.

Fig. 11 shows a modified form of head liner in which the head between the disc 68 and ring 60 is lined with a plurality of concentrically arranged wooden rings 72 each formed of arcuate segments the adjacent ends of which are spaced from eachother. Referring back now to Fig. 2, it will be ap* parent that the dome head can be lined in a manner similar to that just described with reference to either Figs. 3 and 4 or Fig. 11.

As before mentioned, the invention contemplates the lining of the tank with metal of any preferred type, and as will be seen the wood or other insulating lining serves the additional function of supporting the metal lining.

Referring now to Fig. 4, the tank body is lined with metal sheets arranged circumferentially in the tank. In practice, a plurality of sheets will be employed, arranged side by side throughout the length of the body and connected at abutting edges by welding or soldering, or the sheets may overlapat adjacent edges and bek seamed and soldered at the seams. In Fig. 4, a portion of one of the sheets is shown, the same being` designated as 74 and comprising an uppersection 76 and a lower section 78, the edges of section 76 lapping the edges of section 78. The metal lining sheets are secured directly to the wood liner by suitable fasteners, such as the clinch nails 80, driven through the metal lining and intoY the wood lining. In thisY connection, if the metal lining is aluminum, then aluminum. nails may be employed, and it is obvious that with various types of metal linings, nailsof the same character may be employed for securing purposes. After nailing the metal lining sheets to the body,` each of the nail heads is preferably covered with either solder or weld metal which possesses the same 'corrosion resistant properties as those. of the lining. Such a construction is lindicated at 82 and it will be seen that by welding or soldering over the nail heads the possibility of the lading leaking past the nails and penetrating the wood liningis avoided.

The metal lining is continued from end to flange 16 and the dome sheet 14 are arranged some distance away. from the manhole, thereby providing in effect a shelf 84 in the dome. The manhole edge is lined with a channel ring 86, the lower chord 88 of which overlaps the edge of the lining sheet 74 at the manhole and is preferably welded or soldered to the lining sheet as shown at 85. The upper chord 90 is arranged on the shelf 84, or to be more exact, on the edge of the tank sheet 2 around the` manhole. In practice, the ring 86 is formed with one flange and is inserted into the manhole in position therein and then the other flange is formed by beating the ring on to either the lining sheet 74 or the tank sheet 2, as the case may be.

The extended portion or shelf 84 of the tank sheet is covered or lined by a llanged ring 94 the edge ofvwhich is welded or soldered at 96 to the ring 86 and the flange 98 of which overlaps the lower end of a metallic liner tube 100 and is welded or soldered thereto as at 102. The tube 100 lines the dome sheet and extends upwardly in the dome with the upper edge'lapping the wood ring 40 (see Fig. 2) and is secured to the dome sheetliner by suitable fasteners such as the clinch nails 104.

Secured to the dome head wood liner strips 50y by suitable fasteners such as clinch nails is Aa'metal liner sheet 106 having a central opening the edge of which lies adjacent the inner edge of the annulus 42. The outer edge of the sheet 106 (which sheet obviously is circular to conform to the shape of the dome head 20) overlaps the ring 40, as shown in Fig. 2. In order to line the angle formed by the flanged ring 40, a metal angle ring 108 is secured to said ring 40 with its'edges overlapping the liner tube 100 and the sheet 106; the said ring 108 being permanently secured to the tube 100 and sheet 106 by being annularly welded or soldered thereto, as shown at 109. VIn practice, the ring108 may be formed of a plurality of connected segments, if desired; the segments being arranged end to end and welded or otherwise connected together. This may be necessary becauseof the fact that the ring108 is too large to permit its insertion through the manhole opening in the dome head. For lining the tank at the manhole, a channel ring 110 is provided which is welded or soldered to sheet 106 at 112 and to the dome head 20 Vat 114. It will usually be necessary to form the sheet 106 of a plurality of segments and then weld the same or solder said segments together in position against the lining strips 50.

As shown in Fig. 4, the sheet 76 at the ends of the tank may extend and overlap the ring 60. The tank heads are each lined with a metal `sheet 116 secured to the wood liner by the nails 118, and the edge of the sheet laps the ring 60. To form a leak-proof joint at the tank heads, an angle ring 120 is provided the legs of which overlap the head Vliner 116 and the sheet 74. The ring 120 is secured to the wood liner by suitable fasteners such as nails 122, and the edges of said ring are welded or soldered atv 124 and 126 to the liner sheet 74 and head liner sheet 116, respectively. The ring 120 is preferably formed of a plurality of segments arranged end to end as shown clearly in Fig. 4, and, if desired, abutting endsr may be connected by weld metal or solder 128.

Figs. 9 and 10 disclose a modification of the body lining directed specifically to providing a self-reinforcing metal liner sheet for the upper section of the tank. The upper lining sheet in thisl instance is designated as 130 and, like sheet 7 4, is arranged circumferentially in the tank and has its ends lapping and connected to the lower sheet 78 by suit- Y able fasteners such as the clinch nails shown. The two sheets 130 and 78 are preferably connected at their meeting portions by weld metal or solder 132 t0 provideV a leakeproof joint, as hereinbefore described. The upper sheet 130 is longitudinally corrugated, the corrugations extending approximately from end to end of the sheet, leaving of course the attaching edges at each end of the sheet. The sheet when applied as shown in Figs. 9

and 10 provides reinforcing elements ar` ranged circumferentially of the tank, or 1n other words, transverse to the longitudinal axis of the tank whereby to strengthen the sheet when it is applied as shown in said figures, the sheet being self-reinforcing to prevent sagging thereof during the use of the heads of rivets 136. The wood lining formed of the strips24 is interrupted at this portion Vof the tanks, the ends thereof being sligh iy spaced from the wood ring 137, as clearly Vshown in Fig. 8.

The discharge opening through thetank is lined with an annulus 138 having an inwardly directed flange 140 at its lower edge and an upper outward flange 142 overlying the wood ring 137 and underlying the metal linersheet 1 78; the annulus 138 being, of course, formed of the same type of metal as the sheet 78 and being welded or soldered thereto as shown at 146. Fasteners such as clinch nails 144 secure the .lining 78 and annulus 138 in assembled position.

From the above description, it is believed that the construction of the tank of the present invention will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art. It can be seen that a tank is provided which is entirely lined with l. metal of high corrosion resistant properties, the interior of the tank being relatively smooth from e-nd to end. It can further be seen that the lining itself is protected against distortion or sagging due to its attachment to an intermediate lining such as the wood Strips or any other suitable or desired material; the wood serving not only as a supporting medium for the metallic liner, 'but also possessing certain insulating properties which are desirable. Other insulating mediums than wood may be used within the concept of this invention, as will be obvious, and the invention is not restricted to a wood lining. It can be seen also that because of the interposed medium between the lining and t-heV tank shell, the lining is prevented from distortion because the interposed medium Vacts as a cushion to relieve the lining of severe shocks due to vibration of the tank or end shocks of the lading against the tank heads.

The drawings show one embodiment of the invention, but it is not to'be understood that the invention is restricted to the specific details of construction shown in said drawings, as the latter are for illustrative purposes only and various changes in the form and proportions of the device shown may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is: l

1. In a riveted car tank, a wood liner secured to the inner surface thereof and provided with openings reeeiving the rivet heads, high corrosion resistant sheets arranged circumferentially in the tank and connected together and secured directly to the wood liner, and head liners connected with the sheets.

2. In a cylindrical car tank, a body portion having heads at the ends thereof, a plurality of longitudinally extending spaced wood panels secured to the inner surface of the body portion and each formed of a plurality of wood strips, a Hanged wood ring secured to the inner surface of the tank at the 'angle i between the heads and body portion, a wood disk secured to each head at substantially the center thereof, and wood lining strips secured to the vheads between the disk and Wood ring.

3. In a cylindrical car tank, a body portion having heads at the ends thereof, a plurality of longitudinally extending spaced wood of wood strips, ay flangedwood ring secured' to the inner surface o-f the tank at the angle between the heads and body portion, a wood disk secured to each head at substantially the center thereof, and wood lining strips secured to the heads between the disk and wood ring, said strips being spaced each from the other to permit expansion of individual strips unrestricted by other strips.

4. A car tank comprising steel tank sheets and steel heads secured thereto, a plurality of spaced panels secured to the tank sheets and each formed of connected wood strips arranged longitudinally of the tank, a wood lining secured to the steel heads, circumferentially arranged sheets formed of metal possessing high corrosion resistant properties positioned in the tank, fasteners securing the metal sheets to the wood strips, means covering the exposed portions of said fasteners formed of a metal possessing substantially the properties of the sheets in the tank, and a metallic liner for the heads secured to the wood liner and fo-rmed of the same metal as the before-mentioned sheets in the tank.

5. In a car tank having a body portion and end closures, means to which a metal liner may be secured to support the latter comprising a plurality of spaced panels formed of Wood strips arranged longitudinally of the body portion, a central wood disk secured to the end closures, wood strips radiating from the disk, and a wood annulus secured to and lining the tank between the ends of the panels and radiating strips.

6. A lined car tank comprising a steel body portion and steel heads secured thereto, a Wood lining secured to the inner surface'of the tank and covering substantially the 1nterior thereof but having a plurality of expansion spaces, sheets formed of a metal possessing high corrosion resistant properties arranged in the tank and connected together and secured directly to the wood lining, a sheet at each head secured to the woodlining and having its edge arranged adJacent the first mentioned sheets, and a metal member connecting the two named sheets.

7. In a car tank, a wood liner secured to the body and heads thereof, a metallic lineil secured to the wood liner in the body portion, a metallic liner secured ,to the wood liner at the heads, and means connecting the two mentioned metallic lines comprising a metallic annulus connected to adjacent edges of the beforeementioned metallic liners and secured to the wood liner.

8. In a cylindrical car tank, a lining therefor comprising wood strips secured to the inner surface of the tank and extending longitudinally thereof, and metallic sheets arranged circumferentially in the tank and secured directly to the wood strips.

9. In av cylindrical car tank, a body portion and heads closing the ends thereof, and

u means for lining the tank comprising a Wood lining formed of sectionsextending longitudinally of the body portion, wood sections securedY to the heads and radiating from adjacentl` the center thereof, circumferentially arranged metal liner sheets secured to the body woodlining, `and metal head liner sheets securedto thewood lining at the heads and connected with the body portion metal liner sheets.

l10. In a car tank, means for securing a metal liner in-the interior thereof comprising a compressible liner secured to the inner surface of the tank andformed of spaced sections. f

l11'. In a car tank, a metallic lining therefor comprisin sheets arranged circumferentially inthe tan and providedwith corrugations in the upper portions thereof extending transversely of the tank.

12. In a car tank, a metallic lining therefor comprising sheets arranged circumferentially in the tank and 4provided with lon-l gitudinalcorrugations in the upper portions thereof extending transversely of the tank..

13. In Ia 'car tank, a wood lining therefor, and a metallic lining for the tank comprising lower sections secured to the wood lining at the bottom of the tank and extending upwardly for a portion only of the circumference of the latter, and upper sections secured to the wood lining and arranged in the upper portion of the tank and extending downwardly along the sides with the ends thereof overlapping and secured to the ends of the lower sections, said upper sections being longitudinally ribbed whereby to provide transversely extending rigidifying elements to maintain the upper sections against sagging. 14. In a car tank, a body portion having a manhole and a dome surrounding the same, a wood lining in the tank having an opening therein at the manhole, a metal liner secured to the wood liner and provided with an opening at the manhole, and an annular metal channel in the manhole having the ianges thereof overlapping the upper edge of the manhole and the metallic lining respectively. 15. In a car tank, a body portion having a manhole and a dome surrounding the same, a wood lining in the tank having an opening therein at the manhole, a metal liner secured to the wood liner and provided with an opening at the manhole, and an annular metal channel in the manhole having the anges thereof overlapping the upper edge of the manhole and the metallic lining respectively. a wood liner for the dome, a metal liner secured to the dome Wood liner, and a metal annulus secured to the upper flange of the channel and to the metal liner of the dome.

16. In a car tank, a wood lining secured to ing the corrosion resistant lining to the wood lining, corrosion resistant caps over the exposed portions of the fasteners to seal the wood lining against leakage past the fasteners, a corrosion resistant lining secured to the heads, and a highly corrosion resistant angle ring secured to the Wood lining at the heads and overlapping and welded to adjacent edges of the body and head 17. In a car tank, a metal lining therefor formed of a metal possessing high corrosion resistant properties and, including connected sheets at the lower portion of the tank, and connected sheets arranged circumferentially of the tank at the upper portion thereof having the ends thereof welded to the lower sheets and provided with longitudinal stiffening elements arranged in circumferential relation with respect to the tank.

18. In a car tank, a metallic liner therefor, and means Jfor securing the liner in position in the tank comprising a compressible medium interposed between the tank and thel liner and secured to the tank, said liner being attached to said compressihle medium.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN J. MCBRIDE. 

